{"id":1024,"date":"2024-11-18T19:51:09","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T19:51:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpdev.acsu.buffalo.edu\/history-of-cds\/?page_id=1024"},"modified":"2025-04-30T19:39:22","modified_gmt":"2025-04-30T19:39:22","slug":"lightner-witmer-1867-1956","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ubwp.buffalo.edu\/history-of-cds\/lightner-witmer-1867-1956\/","title":{"rendered":"Lightner Witmer\n1867-1956"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"Lightner<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Lightner Witmer was educated in Leipzig, receiving is Ph.D. in 1893. He took a position in psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, where he began a specialty in the area of clinical psychology. His main claim to fame was his psychological clinic, one in which psychologists evaluated patients and performed therapy. Witmer recommended that psychologists determine a child’s condition before and at the end of treatment and that they document the methods used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lightner Witmer’s writings in chronological order<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Witmer, L. (1896). Practical work in psychology. Pediatrics,<\/em> 2, 462-471.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Witmer, L. (1897). The organization of practical work in psychology. Psychological Review<\/em>, 4, 116-117.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Witmer, L. (1902). Analytical psychology.<\/em> Boston: Ginn<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Witmer, L. (1906-1907). Clinical psychology. The Psychological Clinic,<\/em> 1, 1-9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Witmer, L. (1908-1909). The hospital school. The Psychological Clinic<\/em>, 2, 138-146.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Witmer, L. (1908-1909) Retardation through neglect in children of the rich. The Psychological Clinic<\/em>, 2, 157-174.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Witmer, L. (1909). The study and treatment of retardation: A field of applied psychology. Psychological Bulletin<\/em>, 6, 121-126.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Witmer, W. (1911). The special class form backward children<\/em>. Philadelphia: Psychological Clinic Press.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Witmer, L. (1915). The exceptional child: At home an in school<\/em>. In University lectures delivered by members of the faculty in the free public lecture course, 1913-1914 (pp. 534-555). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Witmer, L. (1917-1918). Diagnostic education: An education for the fortunate few. The Psychological Clinic<\/em>, 11, 69-78.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Witmer, L. (1919-1920). Orthogenic cases, Number 14. Don: a curable case of arrested development due to a fear psychosis, the result of shock in a three-year-old infant. The Psychological Clinic,<\/em> 13, 97-111.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Witmer, L. (1931). Psychological diagnosis and the physhonic orientation of analytic science. An epitome. In R. A. Brotemarkle (Ed.), Clinical psychology: Studies in honor of Lightner Witmer<\/em>, pp. 388-409. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Writings about Witmer, arranged alphabetically<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

McReynolds, P. (1997). Lightner Witmer : His life and times<\/em>. Washington, D. C.: American Psychological Association.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O’Donnell, John (1979). The clinical psychology of Lightner Witmer: A case study of institutional innovation and intellectual change. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences,<\/em> 14, 3-17.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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